Functions¶

User-Defined Functions¶

sCrypt enables developers to define their own functions as exemplified below:

function sum(int a, int b) returns (int) {
    return a + b;
}

They are only visible within the contract, similar to private functions in Solidity.

public function¶

A public function returns true if it runs to completion and false otherwise. It does not have returns and return parts, as they are included implicitly. In other words,

public function sum(int a) {
    require(a == 0);
}

is functionally equivalent to

public function sum(int a) returns (bool) {
    require(a == 0);
    return true;
}

static function and property¶

A static function/property can be referenced with contract name without an instantiated contract, similar to a static function/property in Javascript or C+.

contract Foo {
    int i;
    static int N = 0;

    static function incByN(int a) returns (int) {
            return a + Foo.N;
    }

    function double(int x) returns (int) {
        return Foo.incByN(x) + this.i;
    }
}

contract Bar {
    public function unlock(int y) {
        require(y == Foo.sum(1, 2));
    }
}

`return`¶

Due to the lack of native return semantics support in script, a function currently must end with a return statement and it is the only valid place for a return statement. This requirement may be relaxed in the future. This is usually not a problem since it can be circumvented as follows:

function abs(int a) returns (int) {
    if (a > 0) {
        return a;
    } else {
        return -a;
    }
}

can be rewritten as

function abs(int a) returns (int) {
    int ret = 0;

    if (a > 0) {
        ret = a;
    } else {
        ret = -a;
    }
    return ret;
}

Recursion¶

Recursion is disallowed. A function cannot call itself in its body.

Warning

Indirect recursion detection is currently not implemented. If function A calles function B, which in turn calls A, the compilation process will hang. Care must be taken to avoid doing so.

Library Functions¶

The following functions come with sCrypt and are available globally.

Math¶

int abs(int a)
int min(int a, int b)
int max(int a, int b)
bool within(int x, int min, int max)

Hashing¶

Ripemd160 ripemd160(bytes b)
Sha1 sha1(bytes b)
Sha256 sha256(bytes b)
Ripemd160 hash160(bytes b)

ripemd160(sha256(b))
Sha256 hash256(bytes b)

sha256(sha256(b))

Signature Verification¶

bool checkSig(Sig sig, PubKey pk)
bool checkMultiSig(Sig[] sigs, PubKey[] pks)

bytes Operations¶

bytes b[start:end]

Returns subarray from index start (inclusive) to end (exclusive). start is 0 if omitted, end is length(b) if omitted.

bytes b = b'0011223344556677';
// b[3:6] == b'334455'
// b[:4] == b'00112233'
// b[5:] = b'556677'

b1 + b2

Returns the concatenation of bytes b1 and bytes b2.
reverseBytes20(bytes b) reverseBytes32(bytes b)

Returns reversed bytes of b, which is of 20/32 bytes. They are often useful when converting a number between little-endian and big-endian.

// returns b'6cfeea2d7a1d51249f0624ee98151bfa259d095642e253d8e2dce1e79df33f79'
reverseBytes32(b'793ff39de7e1dce2d853e24256099d25fa1b1598ee24069f24511d7a2deafe6c')

bytes num2bin(int num, int size)

Converts a number num into a byte array of certain size size, including the sign bit. It fails if the number cannot be accommodated.
int length(bytes b)

Returns the length of b.